Your Exchange Online backup hangs on a single text field
Microsoft flipped the switch today, 10 October, in its multi-tenant cloud: a tenant with EwsEnabled set to $true and an empty allowed-application list stops letting every app through and starts letting none through. On the 8th and 9th Microsoft wrote that list for you, from whatever it saw using EWS over the previous 60 days. If you back up Microsoft 365 mailboxes, your backup now depends on a list you probably did not write, stored in a parameter the documentation declares as a text field that supports no add and no remove: only a full rewrite.